The underground city of Malakopi, also known as Derinkuju in Turkish, is a remarkable historical site nestled in the heart of Cappadocia, Turkey. This ancient city, dating back to the 8th-7th century BC, was accidentally discovered in the 1960s and stands as a testament to the remarkable ingenuity and resourcefulness of its ancient inhabitants. Carved meticulously into the soft volcanic rock, the city boasts an impressive 18 levels, reaching a depth of 85 meters below the earth's surface. Its intricate network of tunnels, chambers, and rooms covers a vast area of 445 km2, resembling a complex maze fit for an ant colony. What truly sets Malakopi apart is its remarkable capacity to accommodate a substantial population. Initially believed to be the largest underground city, it was thought to have the capability to house around 20,000 people.
However, recent archaeological discoveries in the Cappadocia region have revealed another underground city with the potential to accommodate up to 70,000 individuals.
Nevertheless, Derinkuju remains one of the most significant and awe-inspiring discoveries in the region. The city's layout exhibits a variety of rooms designed for accommodation, and storage, as well as small shrines and potentially educational spaces. The ingenious ventilation system was provided through well-designed air ducts, and water was sourced from a deep well, presenting strategic advantages for the city's inhabitants. Throughout its rich history, the underground city served various purposes, including acting as a refuge for civilians during times of war and conflict.
This captivating history and the impressive engineering of the underground city make it an irresistible draw for historians, archaeologists, and visitors, shedding light on the innovative ways ancient civilizations adapted to their environments and sought refuge in times of need.